Connectify Carck Version

Connectify is an easy to use software router for Windows computers that utilizes your PC’s built in Wi-Fi card to wirelessly share any available Internet connection with friends, co-workers, and mobile devices.
Connectify can easily act as your primary router or even a repeater for your home router, extending its range and providing Internet access wherever you need it. Connect to your home network, enter the same Wi-Fi name and password, and hit “Start Hotspot.” Devices will automatically connect to the Internet through either your Connectify hotspot or home router depending on proximity.
This crack can activate the  Connectify + Dispatch latest version with a lifetime activation
How to Activate ?
  1. Install the latest version of Connectify
  2. Finish the entire installation
  3. Now launch Connectify Activator
  4. Click Activate PRO button
  5. Activator will show a message box saying Connectify successfully activated
  6. Wait 1 minute and Launch Connectify
  7. That’s it you are ready to go with Connectify PRO !
  8. Launch Dispatch and make sure its PRO too

                 -:;Download Now;:-

Server 1 : Google Drive
Server 2 : Our Own Server
Server 3 : Drop Box

6 Different Ways to Download Videos from YouTube to your Mac

1. With Any Video Converters
There are three versions of Any Video Converters – Any Video Converter FreeAny Video Converter Pro, and Any Video Converter Ultimate. Free could download videos from 4 websites, while Pro and Ultimate could download videos from 20 websites including break.com, comedycentral.com, dailymotion.com, facebook.com, liveleak.com, howcast.com, metacafe.com, movieclips.com, mtv.com, mtvhive.com, photobucket.com, southparkstudios.com, thedailyshow.com, veoh.com, vevo.com, vimeo.com, youtube.com, myvideo.de, rutube.ru, nicovideo.jp.
The main advantage of this YouTube downloader is that after downloading web videos you can incidentally have a further editing and conversions of the downloaded videos to other device compatible formats.


Routine to download:
Step 1: Download and install the program;
Step 2: Launch the program; click Online Video to get to the download interface;
Step 3: Click Add button, there will prompt a window to “input your watch url”;
Step 4: Copy and paste the URL in the window, hit OK;
Step 5: After short-time parsing URL process, click “Start Button” to download videos.


Download Videos via Any Video Converter 

Directly from Internet:


2.With a “Kiss
This method is the only one just for YouTube, of all the methods mentioned here. To download videos, just need to add a “kiss” before the “youtube” in your URL, turn it into “kissyoutube”. For example, the URL of http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eRxHs29gRsQ, now add a “kiss”, the URL changed to http://www.kissyoutube.com/watch?v=eRxHs29gRsQ. Then the browser will parse the URL and skip to a window like below:


Download Video with a Kiss


Use your Browser:


3. With Safari
After opening the URL, puase the video when it starts to play for seconds, and wait for the video to fill the grey progress bar. Then click Window on the menu bar -> Activity, and find the line that represents your video, double click it and the download will begin.


Download Videos via Safari


With this method, you do not need any downloader or software, but have to wait for the videos being complete processed.


4. With Firefox
Add-ons are needed. Click Tools on the menu bar -> Add-ons, and search and install plugin DownloadHelper or NetVideoHunter, then restart your Firefox. Every time you play a video or listen to music, the icon of DownloadHelper spins, while the icon of NetVideoHunter flickers.


Download Videos via firefox


The add-ons do not need to wait for the video processing, however, time is limited for each downloaded video to around 8 minutes. In other words, a 16-minute video needs to click the add-on twice.


5. With Chrome
A plugin from Chrome Web Store is needed. Click Window on the menu bar -> Chrome Web Store, and search for Ultimate YouTube Downloader.
After downloading it, the video downloading experience would be very easy. You could download YouTube and other video sites with the single click of the Download button under the video. You can even choose to download the MP4 version or the FLV version. Additionally, you can choose the video quality (720p HD, 480p, 360p, 240p).


Download Videos via Chrome


Media Player:


6. With RealPlayer Download Videos via Chrome
When you downloaded RealPlayer, then you have the RealPlayer downloader. Almost every time you watch a video, the RealPlayer would automatically show up, and you could download the video on its window or Clear the List.

How to send Anonymous Mail to anyone|Set up your own server


Everyone Like to send Anonymous Mail to your enemy or friend or teacher.  Here is the Hacking tutorial for you to implement that.  So i hope This will be best hack for you.

What is the Use?
   I explained you in my older post how to get ip address.  To get the ip address you need to send the mail with link.  So You can send mail to your victim with that link such that you are contacting from an organization.

For Eg:
You can say we are from Facbook,we have new feature to enable the feature visit this page.

How to do? 

Step 1:
First of all you need to register in free web hosting service which has PHP feature.  So my choice is



Step 2:
Now Download this zip file:

             Mail.php

Inside the file you can find the mail.php file. Extract the file

Step 3:
Now Go to x10hosting.com and login with your username and password.
Upload the “mail.php” file to “public_html” folder.

Step 4:
That’s all you finished. 
Now go to this page

         yourhosturl/mail.php

Change the yourhosturl with your website url which you gave it when you register in x10hosting.com
For eg:
yourfavorites.x10.mx/mail.php

Usually the default will be “name.x10.mx”

When you visit you will see the form just like this:



Fill the form with your victim mail address and message subject and send

     Don’t give your details in the sender field.
Just fill with any organization name.
For Eg:
BestSurveyProviders


         If you have any doubts or want to say thanks,please comment me

Russian Hacker Rinat Shabayev admits to be creator of BlackPOS Malware

Last week, cyber security firm IntelCrawler named the 17-year-old Russian “Sergey Taraspov” as creator of the BlackPOS Malware which was used in the Target data breach.

After further investigation, the company update its report saying that 23-year-old Russian hacker named “Rinat Shibaev” is the original author of this malware and Sergey is member of technical support team. 

In an interview with Russian news channel LifeNews, Shibaev has admitted that he had developed the BlackPOS(also referred as Kaptoxa) malware. The hacker says he just took readily available program and developed it with additional features. He allegedly got help in developing the malware from an unknown person whom he had met online.  However, he said that he doesn’t even know in which country the person lives. The hacker also said that he created it for selling it to others, not to use the application by himself. 

10 things you didn’t know you can do with Linux

10 things you didn't know you can do with Linux
Even if you’re a Windows (or Mac) user, knowing how to use Linux is a valuable skill, and it can run a bunch of awesome things in your home-even if it isn’t your main desktop OS.

Here are 10 ways you can use Linux even if you’re not ready to go full Ubuntu.

 
 
Troubleshoot other computers

You don’t even need to install Linux on a box to make it useful-all you need is a solid live CD. Just boot from the CD and you can grab any files from the hard drive, even if the computer won’t boot or you’ve forgotten your password. Linux can even help if you accidentally formatted your entire drive.

Of course, not all system rescue discs are Linux-and there are a lot of good ones out there-but a bit of basic Linux knowledge can turn you into a troubleshooting expert.

 
Make Chromebook more useful

You’d be surprised how much you can get done in Chrome OS. There are a lot of great Chrome apps out there for editing audio, video, images, coding, and more-but sometimes you just need a more powerful desktop app you’re familiar with. Luckily, you can install Linux alongside Chrome OS really easily, and get access to a traditional desktop with a bunch of apps.

It won’t get you Photoshop or something of that caliber, but if all you need is a bit of a safety net, it’s perfect.

 
Host a website or Webapp

You’d be surprised how many web sites you visit every day actually run on Linux-and if you want to build a web site, you probably will too. Possibly more interesting, though, is how you can use a Linux-based web host-like Dreamhost-to host your own personal RSS reader with Tiny Tiny RSS, or your own Dropbox clone with OwnCloud.

You could, of course, host these on a Linux box in your home, too. It’s a bit more complicated, but it gives you complete control over everything rather than putting your data in someone else’s hands.

 
Work with hard drives and partitions

Work with hard drives and partitions

If you dual- or triple-boot your system and ever want to move partitions around, you’ll have a much easier time with a Linux live CD and GParted.

Heck, even if you don’t dual-boot, you’ll still need a bit of help from Linux if you ever migrate to a solid-state drive, or upgrade to a more spacious drive. And, if you want to securely wipe it so no one can get at your data…well, Ubuntu can do that  

Automate everything in your home

With a little Linux knowledge and a cheap computer-like the Raspberry Pi-you can create all sorts of tiny home automation gadgets. You can control your home with Siri, mount a Google Calendar tablet on your wall, set up a home surveillance system, control your blinds and air conditioner, stream music in your living room, build a digital photo frame, build a sunrise alarm clock, and…pretty much anything else you can think of.

With a cheap board like the Raspberry Pi and a free OS like Linux, you’re more limited by your imagination than your wallet.

 
Run a home server for backup, streaming, torrenting, and more

If you don’t want to leave your computer on 24/7 just to share files or download torrents, a tiny dedicated Linux box might be a better solution. With an old computer or a cheap new one, you can put together a home server that stores your backups, streams movies and musics, seeds torrents, or performs any number of other tasks quietly in the corner. You can put one together with Nas4Free, FreeNAS, or even Ubuntu.
 
Create a dedicated media center or video game machine

If you have a computer that won’t even use the desktop-like a media center or dedicated emulation machine-why not just set it up with a Linux backend? It’s free and easy to do. XBMC works great on Linux, whether you’re running on a Raspberry Pi or just a low-powered PC, and you can turn just about any PC into an all-in-one retro video game console.

The Raspberry Pi works well for older games, but you’d want something more powerful to play newer stuff. Heck, you could even use it to create a retro arcade coffee table.

 
Brush up on your hacking and security

Some Linux distributions, like BackTrack or Kali, are security-focused distros for testing security systems. That means you can use them to learn how to, say, hack WEP or WPA Wi-Fi passwords, which is a great way to learn a bit more about your own network security and how to protect yourself from similar attacks.

Of course, we don’t recommend using these powers for evil-but knowing evil’s tricks gives you a good path to preventing them.

 
Revive an old or slow PC

And so we come to one of the most obvious and common uses for Linux-and still one of the best. If you have a PC that’s seen better days, Windows is far from the ideal OS. Install a lightweight Linux distribution on it (like Lubuntu or, if you’re a bit more savvy, Archbang) and it’ll feel like a new machine again.

It may not be able to do everything your powerful Windows machine can do, but it’s better than having a non-functional computer, and works perfectly for basic tasks.

 
Learn more about how computers work

If none of the above sound like anything you need, why not just get in the spirit of DIY and learn a little bit more about how computers work? Tons of things run Linux these days, from TVs to the Android phone in your pocket, and learning about Linux is not only a fun hobby in and of itself, but it’ll help you learn a bit more about what makes these machines tick.

We recommend getting started with something like Ubuntu or Mint, then when you get a little more familiar, move onto Arch for some serious learning. There are a ton of great distros out there, and even if you’re just playing around, you may find that those skills come in pretty handy one day.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

hotspot shield vpn for ios free download

Hello friends today i tell about how to use or download the HOTSPOT SHILD to the your iPod iPhone Windows Pc Android Mobile and any where so just read and share this artical.

VPN Overview

VPN technology enables you to send encrypted data over previously unencrypted networks. Besides providing you with private and secure Web browsing, VPNs such as Hotspot Shield VPN provide many other important benefits. Compared to a web proxy, VPN also offers much better security and privacy online.
Hotspot Shield VPN is the most trusted VPN in the world with over 200 million downloads. It is available for Mac, Windows, iPhone/iPad & Android devices.

Benefits of Hotspot Shield VPN

  • Unblock websites – Unblock YouTubeunblock Facebookunblock Twitter or any sites at school, the library or your office with Hotspot Shield VPN. You can bypass filters and firewalls set by your network administrator to gain access to your favorite content anytime and anywhere you want.
  • Anonymous surfing – Because of privacy and security concerns, you may want to browse the Web anonymously. Hotspot Shield Free VPN creates an encrypted tunnel between your computer and our servers to let you conduct your online activities (visit the websites you want, make online transactions, download files) anonymously, without being tracked and spied upon.
  • Hide your IP address – The Internet is infested with spammers, snoopers, and hackers. They silently monitor your online activities and steal your sensitive data like credit card information and passwords when you least expect it. If you connect with Hotspot Shield enabled, you get a new US IP address to mask your actual IP address and surf the Internet anonymously.
  • Private & secure browsing – VPN offers an enhanced level of security online. Whenever you connect to the Internet through Hotspot Shield VPN, your data, including passwords, financial transactions and instant messages, is secured and encrypted. Additionally, all of your personal information is hidden from web spies.
  • WiFi security – If you browse the Internet at a public WiFi hotspot like the Starbuck in your town, anyone on that network can monitor and spy on your web activities. Irrespective of where you connect from, a personal VPN secures your web browsing session and keeps your private data considerably more private.
  • Malware protection – Hotspot Shield VPN will alert you if you visit sites that are known to contain malware, and then block the site. It detects and blocks more than 3.5 million malicious, phishing and spam sites from infecting your device.
  • Data compression for iPhone & Android – Concerned with the rising data charges? Hotspot Shield VPN technology compresses the web content that passes through our secure servers so that you can get twice as much content for the same bandwidth cost. The savings can be huge if you are roaming while traveling abroad in countries such as Switzerland or Japan that have high data charges. It also comes with a useful feature that allows you to track the data savings generated in each browsing session.
                               For Windows Click Hear
                              For Mac OS PC Click Hear
                         For The iPad / iPhone Click Hear                           For Android Devices Click Hear

Best iPhone camera and photo editing apps

Best iPhone camera and photo editing apps

The best camera is the one you have with you, that’s what Chase Jarvis said. For many of us, the best camera is the iPhone, since that’s what a number of us have in our pockets. That means the best iPhone camera apps are the ones that are always on our iPhone, right?
Even the most casual iPhone photographers, or iPhoneographers, are taking mobile photography a little more seriously. As smartphone cameras get better, and photo editing apps improve, taking iPhone photos becomes more fun.
So you’ve started exploring different light, angles and unusual photo compositions, and now you’re diving into editing them to give them just a little more spark. With the thousands of camera and photo editing apps out there, which ones should you use?
We’ve always taken our iPhoneography very seriously here at TechRadar, and over the years we’ve come to love and hate some photo apps. We’re going to share with you the best camera apps for iPhone that we’ve always relied on, and the new ones that have caught our eye.

Pro Camera or Pro Camera 7

Best iPhone camera and photo apps
With the original iPhone and iPhone 3G, we were forced to find really good light and solid composition before snapping a photo. Image quality wasn’t the best, but more importantly, we couldn’t control exposure.
That all changed when the iPhone 3GS was released. With tap-to-focus capabilities, we also had spot metering. That means the camera would meter or light the photo based on where you were touching it on the display.
That changed everything in smartphone photography as Android, and eventually Windows Phone, copied the general idea.
With added control over the camera, app developers like Pro Camera took it a step further.
The one huge advantage that “real” cameras had over smartphones was the ability to finely control exposure and focus. With apps like Pro Camera, and the newer Pro Camera 7, you can now control your focus and exposure.
Having the ability to adjust these controls is so critical to photography, and that’s why we’re recommending this app. You can set focus, slide the exposure icon around until you have the right exposure, then snap away.
Pro Camera and Pro Camera 7 also have some lightweight photo editing features and a number of other goodies, like choosing aspect ratios and seeing live exposure settings.
If you want to take your iPhoneography a little more seriously, ditch the native camera app in favor of ones that give you more control, like Pro Camera.

Snapseed

Best iPhone camera and photo apps
Unless you have the perfect eye for light, color and composition, 99% of the time your photos will look a little flat. Even with the right moment in the right situation, the iPhone’s amazing camera can only offer so much in terms of color and light.
Snapseed will help give your flat photos a little more punch and bite, or it can mellow out a scene and give you some interesting tones and textures.
Like other photo editing apps, Snapseed allows you to control basic things like brightness, contrast, saturation and white balance. But it also gives you features like fine-tuned exposure and color control, selective area control, frames, textures, filters, colors and more.
Why do we recommend Snapseed over other photo editing apps that do the same? It does the job quickly and it does it well, and it never crashes on us. For basic, quick and dirty editing and toning, you probably can’t do much better than Snapseed.

VSCO Cam

Best iPhone camera and photo apps
For better or worse, the retro look is still in. And for that look, we can’t think of a better app than VSCO Cam.
VSCO Cam offers a number of filters and effects that give your photos a classic, vintage film look, but with expanded control settings.
While other apps will slap a filter onto your photo and call it a day, VSCO Cam lets you take things a bit further by fine tuning exposure, contrast, saturation, white balance, hue, vignette and even simulated film grain.
If the included filters and features aren’t enough, VSCO Cam sells a huge array of additional filter packs and effects. We do feel like the differences between some filters are negligible, or not great enough to warrant purchasing, but you can preview them yourself and decide whether you want to spend a few bucks on it.

Camera+

Best iPhone camera and photo apps
Not to be confused with Camera Plus, Camera+ is another excellent camera replacement app that gives you a lot of shooting control and photo editing options.
Like Pro Camera and Pro Camera 7, Camera+ allows you to control focus and exposure while you’re shooting. However, by default, all the photos you take are stored in the Camera+ lightbox.
Your photos will show up like a 35mm film strip, so it’s like you’re looking at a contact sheet or strips of film laid on top of a lightbox.
From there, you can delete photos or open them up for toning and color correction. There are a number of scene settings like Sunset, Night, Food and Clarity, which is a fake HDR effect that can be a little heavy-handed at times.
You’ll also get a number of color effects and filters, along with varying degrees of blur effects for simulated shallow depth of field and tilt-shift. And if you want more goodies, there are some in-app purchases for more filters and effects.
Camera+ has a big advantage in that it allows you to control your focus and exposure, but we’re recommending it along with Pro Camera and Pro Camera 7 because it gives you quick and dirty access to fast photo editing. We also like its Clarity feature when it doesn’t overdo it.

Instagram

What good is a photo if you can’t share it these days, right? Instagram is kind of a no-brainer, but mostly just for its sharing capabilities.
While its filters can be really nice, and its effects halfway decent, Instagram’s real power is in its speed and ability to share photos and short videos.
We really prefer to tone and edit our photos outside of the app, like in VSCO Cam or Snapseed, then export it into Instagram for sharing.
Having the filters are nice, and we sometimes find ourselves using them just to give our photos some added dimension. But for the most part, we like the control that other apps give us and we love Instagram’s speed and sharing options.
It’s also nice to see all the photos your friends are taking in one place. Other apps have tried to mimic Instagram, like Streamzoo, but Instagram has the best interface and the largest user base, so in a sense you’re kinda stuck with it.

Photoshop Touch

Best iPhone camera and photo apps
Lastly, we’re going to recommend Photoshop Touch. We took our time deliberating over this one, but decided to go ahead and add it to our list.
Why the tough decision? Well, it’s a powerful tool, and it gives you so much creative control and the ability to work in layers, just like the desktop version of Photoshop. But for the majority of us, that’s not what iPhoneography is all about.
We just want to shoot photos on the go, give the pics a little tweak and then save or share it. Heavy photo editing apps like Photoshop Touch kill that workflow and force you to sit and take your time with an image.
If that’s your thing, and if you don’t mind killing some time in a train or cafe by giving your iPhone photos some extra love, then Photoshop Touch is a killer photo editing app.
It has its own filters, and you can make all the same adjustments that you can with other photo apps, but the ability to quickly and easily work in layers is its real selling point. Having the ability to work on different layers for nondestructive editing is great.
Again, we prefer to spend more time shooting with our iPhones than squinting and editing photos, but the option for expanded features is nice to have and you can’t do better than Photoshop Touch.

Wrap Up

You’ll probably notice that the list is short, but sweet. We’re not trying to give you a “Top 20” list, mostly because you really don’t need to have 20 photo editing apps to make a photo look good. And we’re firm believers that the less work you do on a photo, the better. We can tell when a photo has been over processed, and it doesn’t look pretty.
That’s it! Go out and shoot! Remember, it’s nice to have all these apps and features that help take your iPhoneography to a new level, but in the end, your eye and your vision is what’s going to make a great photo – not a 1970s filter with some grain and heavy vignetting.
We see the iPhone as a tool that helps develop your eye and creativity as a photographer, which means it forces you to get more creative with light and composition since you don’t have a wide selection of focal lengths and exposure controls.
Get creative, screw up, take lots of pics. The iPhone has plenty of memory and you can always delete your awful photos. Instead of snapping one photo and moving on from something that caught your eye, sit there for a moment and explore other angles and compositions. Take dozens of photos and pick the best ones later, then use the apps to give them a little more life and make them more interesting.

How do you livestream video with a mobile device?

stream live TV over InternetWith all of the online video choices at our disposal, we still haven’t reached the promised land of being able to watch live television anywhere on any device. Nonetheless, the situation is improving, and streaming live TV programming to your computer or mobile device is no longer a pipe dream.
Whether you’ve cut the cable cord or simply want to stream live TV on the go, your options have improved. You shouldn’t expect to access every channel you’d get at home — at least not for free — but it’s easier than ever to watch live TV streams of news, sports, and entertainment.

STREAM LIVE TV NEWS

News programming represents your best option to watch live TV online for free. CNN Live and ABC News Livestream coverage of breaking news and live events, such as President Obama’s Inauguration, congressional hearings, White House briefings, and the upcoming State of the Union address scheduled for February 12, 2013. CBS News and the PBS NewsHour provide similar coverage through their Ustream.tv channels (PBS also offers live streaming simulcasts of its NewsHour program). Additionally, C-SPAN Live delivers its full schedule of House and Senate hearings, as well as its Book TV program.
For international news, Al Jazeera English delivers a streaming simulcast of its TV news channel, while those who like to keep track of business news can turn to Bloomberg TV’s live stream online.
RealPlayer can help you stay on top of all the latest news. Just check out the Web Channels feature to see the latest videos from the Associated Press, Reuters, and more delivered right to your computer.

STREAM LIVE TV SPORTS

Missing out on live sports is often a deal breaker for those considering cutting the cord, but that no longer has to be the case. Provided that ESPN is part of your cable package, WatchESPN offers free access to featured games in all major professional and college sports, includinglive international soccer streams. If the network isn’t included in your cable subscription, you can still stream live programming from the ESPN3 channel for free. You can access WatchESPN to watch live sports online via your web browser or mobile device. One caveat: some streaming events are subject to blackouts in certain areas.
The major sports leagues — Major League Baseball, the National Football League, the National Basketball Association, and the National Hockey League — all offer subscription options for streaming live games to your computer, mobile device, or even your HDTV through a set-top device such as Roku or Apple TV. You also get extra features like DVR functionality, home and away broadcasts, in-game highlights, and multigame views.

HOW TO WATCH LIVE TV ON THE INTERNET

Streaming all live TV programming is a bit trickier — and costlier. A “place shifting” device like the SlingBox, which connects to your home video source (such as a DVR or cable set-top box) and transmits the signal over the Internet to your computer or mobile device, lets you watch all the channels you get at home from any location.
Aereo charges customers a monthly fee to watch over-the-air broadcast channels on a web browser, iPhone, or iPad via a small HD antenna that you access from the Internet. You can also record up to two shows at once and access DVR functionality while streaming live TV. This service is currently only available in New York City.
Cable providers also offer their subscribers the ability to watch live programming on mobile devices, albeit with strings attached. Comcast customers can use its Xfinity AnyPlay service to watch live TV on an Apple or Android mobile device. The company charges $10 a month for the AnyPlay kit. But you’re limited to using your home Wi-Fi network to watch most of the channels included in your subscription. When you’re away from home, you only have access to Comcast’s On Demand content. Although you can register up to 10 different devices, Comcast only lets you view content on one device at a time. Time Warner Cable’s TWC TV app offers similar features, though without the monthly subscription.
One option that’s free even if you don’t have a cable subscription: the Home Shopping Network live streams its never-ending parade of product offers on its website and mobile apps.
How often do you stream live TV to your computer or mobile device? Do you see yourself streaming all your TV over the Internet any time soon? Let us know in the comments section below.

What’s the difference between an Intel Core i3, i5 and i7?

Intel Core i3, Core i5, and Core i7 CPUs have been around for over a year now, but some buyers still get stumped whenever they attempt to build their own systems and are forced to choose among the three. With the more recent Sandy Bridge architecture now on store shelves, we expect the latest wave of buyers to ask the same kind of questions.

Core i3, Core i5, Core i7 — the difference in a nutshell

If you want a plain and simple answer, then generally speaking, Core i7s are better than Core i5s, which are in turn better than Core i3s. Nope, Core i7 does not have seven cores nor does Core i3 have three cores. The numbers are simply indicative of their relative processing powers.
Image credit: Intel.
Their relative levels of processing power are also signified by their Intel Processor Star Ratings, which are based on a collection of criteria involving their number of cores, clockspeed (in GHz), size of cache, as well as some new Intel technologies like Turbo Boost and Hyper-Threading.
Core i3s are rated with three stars, i5s have four stars, and i7s have five. If you’re wondering why the ratings start with three, well they actually don’t. The entry-level Intel CPUs — Celeron and Pentium — get one and two stars respectively.
Note: Core processors can be grouped in terms of their target devices, i.e., those for laptops and those for desktops. Each has its own specific characteristics/specs. To avoid confusion, we’ll focus on the desktop variants. Note also that we’ll be focusing on the 2nd Generation (Sandy Bridge) Core CPUs.

Number of cores

The more cores there are, the more tasks (known as threads) can be served at the same time. The lowest number of cores can be found in Core i3 CPUs, i.e., which have only two cores. Currently, all Core i3s are dual-core processors.
Currently all Core i5 processors, except for the i5-661, are quad cores in Australia. The Core i5-661 is only a dual-core processor with a clockspeed of 3.33 GHz. Remember that all Core i3s are also dual cores. Furthermore, the i3-560 is also 3.33GHz, yet a lot cheaper. Sounds like it might be a better buy than the i5. What gives?
At this point, I’d like to grab the opportunity to illustrate how a number of factors affect the overall processing power of a CPU and determine whether it should be considered an i3, an i5, or an i7.
Even if the i5-661 normally runs at the same clockspeed as Core i3-560, and even if they all have the same number of cores, the i5-661 benefits from a technology known as Turbo Boost.

Intel Turbo Boost

The Intel Turbo Boost Technology allows a processor to dynamically increase its clockspeed whenever the need arises. The maximum amount that Turbo Boost can raise clockspeed at any given time is dependent on the number of active cores, the estimated current consumption, the estimated power consumption, and the processor temperature.
For the Core i5-661, its maximum allowable processor frequency is 3.6 GHz. Because none of the Core i3 CPUs have Turbo Boost, the i5-661 can outrun them when it needs to. Because all Core i5 processors are equipped with the latest version of this technology — Turbo Boost 2.0 — all of them can outrun any Core i3.

Cache size

Whenever the CPU finds that it keeps on using the same data over and over, it stores that data in its cache. Cache is just like RAM, only faster — because it’s built into the CPU itself. Both RAM and cache serve as holding areas for frequently used data. Without them, the CPU would have to keep on reading from the hard disk drive, which would take a lot more time.
Basically, RAM minimises interaction with the hard disk, while cache minimises interaction with the RAM. Obviously, with a larger cache, more data can be accessed quickly. All Core i3 processors have 3MB of cache. All Core i5s, except again for the 661 (only 4MB), have 6MB of cache. Finally, all Core i7 CPUs have 8MB of cache. This is clearly one reason why an i7 outperforms an i5 — and why an i5 outperforms an i3.

Hyper-Threading

Strictly speaking, only one thread can be served by one core at a time. So if a CPU is a dual core, then supposedly only two threads can be served simultaneously. However, Intel has introduced a technology called Hyper-Threading. This enables a single core to serve multiple threads.
For instance, a Core i3, which is only a dual core, can actually serve two threads per core. In other words, a total of four threads can run simultaneously. Thus, even if Core i5 processors are quad cores, since they don’t support Hyper-Threading (again, except the i5-661) the number of threads they can serve at the same time is just about equal to those of their Core i3 counterparts.
This is one of the many reasons why Core i7 processors are the creme de la creme. Not only are they quad cores, they also support Hyper-Threading. Thus, a total of eight threads can run on them at the same time. Combine that with 8MB of cache and Intel Turbo Boost Technology, which all of them have, and you’ll see what sets the Core i7 apart from its siblings.
The upshot is that if you do a lot of things at the same time on your PC, then it might be worth forking out a bit more for an i5 or i7. However, if you use your PC to check emails, do some banking, read the news, and download a bit of music, you might be equally served by the cheaper i3.
At DCA Computers, we regularly hear across the sales counter, “I don’t mind paying for a computer that will last, which CPU should I buy?” The sales tech invariably responds “Well that depends on what you use your computer for.” If it’s the scenario described above, we pretty much tell our customers to save their money and buy an i3 or AMD dual core.
Another factor in this deliberation is that more and more programs are being released with multithread capability. That is they can use more than one CPU thread to execute a single command. So things happen more quickly. Some photo editors and video editing programs are multi-threaded, for example. However, the Internet browser you use to access Netbank or your email client is not, and is unlikely to be in the foreseeable future.
Hopefully this gives you some insight for your next CPU selection.
Happy computing!
David Parkinson is the managing director of DCA Computer Technologies a computer retailer and support provider. Read more articles at the DCA Computers blog, follow DCA Computers on Twitter and become a fan on Facebook.
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What Is The Difference Between 32-bit & 64-bit Windows?

People ask me on a daily basis, “What is the difference between a 32-bit and 64-bit Windows operating system?” Most of you are running Windows XP or Vista in its 32-bit iteration. But as hardware gets cheaper, people are curious as to what the 64-bit operating system has to offer. First let’s see if we can grasp the difference between 32- and 64-bit.
641   What Is The Difference Between 32 bit & 64 bit Windows?Think of your computer as a series of tubes that can either be 32 or 64 bits wide. When you have the smaller 32-bit size, there is more potential for bottlenecks to occur. Bottlenecks slow down your system because one process has to wait for another to finish before it can begin. But if you want to have 64-bit wide tubes, your computer needs to be thinking in 64-bit so your software and hardware all need to support 64-bit.
If you do not know the difference between 32-bit and 64-bit, I would have told you in the past that you are running a 32-bit version of Windows. But now with Windows 7 I am seeing more and more 64-bit operating systems shipped by default without the end users knowledge. Don’t get me wrong, a 64-bit system is better but you also need to be running 64-bit programs and have a 64-bit processor or else all the trouble of setting up the 64-bit operating system would be worthless.
On a 32-bit operating system, you are restricted to a maximum of 4 gigabytes of RAM. On a 64-bit operating system, you really do not have a limit. Let’s look at Wikipedia and find out the maximum amount of RAM for a 64-bit operating system:
That is a huge amount of RAM! Normally when you exhaust your physical RAM on a 32-bit system, it has to use virtual memory or hard disk space to pick up the slack. On a 64-bit system, you can install as much RAM as you can to cover your overhead. From here on, 32-bit operating systems will be referred to as x86 and 64 bit operating systems as x64. You can tell what you are running by right clicking on My Computer and choosing Properties.  Below is a shot of a 64-bit machine using 12GB of memory.
321   What Is The Difference Between 32 bit & 64 bit Windows?

And in this shot, we see a 32-bit machine trying to use 7GB of RAM.. Not going to happen!
322   What Is The Difference Between 32 bit & 64 bit Windows?

If you are running 3D modeling systems or AutoCAD systems, you can benefit from a x64 bit architecture but remember, you need to be running ALL x64 applications, print drivers and anything else you are setting up on your system to realize its full potential. Not all programs have been created for x64 yet and you will find yourself installing applications to your Program Files x86 directory. On a x64 machine, you will have two Program File directories — one for 32-bit and one for 64-bit applications.
So after reading through that and you still want to run a x64 operating system, you will need to make sure your processor supports x64. Most new servers and new computers bought this year or beyond will support x64 but you will still need to check. Here are some facts you should know (taken from ZDNet):
  • Almost all new servers sold within the last two years from AMD or Intel will have x64 capability.
  • Most mid- to high-end desktop processors from AMD or Intel within the last year have x64 capability.
  • Some higher-end Semprons have x64; lower-end Semprons do not.
  • No AMD Durons have x64.
  • All AMD Opteron processors have x64.
  • All AMD X2, FX, and Athlon64 chips have x64.
  • All Intel Pentium D and Celeron D chips have x64.
  • All AMD Turion notebook processors have x64.
  • All Intel Core 2 processors (mobile, desktop, and server) have x64.
  • No Intel Core Duo notebook processors have x64
  • No Intel Pentium M notebook processors have x64.
If you are still not sure if your processor can support x64 check out GRC’s SecurAble and let them help you figure it out! You might also want to check out Mahendra’s post How To Choose Between 32-bit & 64-bit Windows 7 Operating Systems.
If you are running a server that has all its hardware and software certified for x64, then you should install the 64-bit version but beware of device drivers and any 32-bit environments because if I used the word difficult, it would be an understatement!